Coutumier des décisions intempestives, le président américain Donald Trump a … The Western Sahara conflict is an ongoing conflict between the Polisario Front and the Kingdom of Morocco. The talks between the Moroccan government and the Polisario Front were considered the first direct negotiations in seven years between the two parties, and hailed as a landmark in the peace process. De son  côté, le Maroc – et incidemment son allié mauritanien – est donc soutenu par les Etats-Unis, qui fait du royaume chérifien son rempart sur l’Atlantique. No replacement plan exists, however, and worries persist that the political vacuum will result in renewed fighting. After the events of the Zemla Intifada in 1970, when Spanish police forcibly disbanded the organization and "disappeared" its founder, Muhammad Bassiri, Sahrawi nationalism again swung towards militarism. As of 2010[update], negotiations over the terms of any potential referendum have not resulted in any substantive action. [34] Since the end of 2016, the UN has gathered stakeholders around roundtables organized in Geneva. En novembre, le roi Mohammed VI a aussi affirmé être prêt à bouger. Some 40,000–80,000[citation needed] Sahrawi refugees were displaced as a result of the conflict; at present, most still reside in various Sahrawi refugee camps throughout the Tindouf province of Algeria. The refugee camps were set up in the Tindouf Province, Algeria in 1975–76 for the benefit of Sahrawi refugees fleeing from Moroccan forces during the Western Sahara War. Les deux pays sont alors proches du camp soviétique. [58], The Obama administration disassociated itself from the Moroccan autonomy plan in 2009, however, reversing the Bush-backed support of the Moroccan plan, and returning to a pre-Bush position, wherein the option of an independent Western Sahara is on the table again. Philippe Randrianarimanana. [53], Members of European Parliament passed the Sustainable Fisheries Partnership Agreement (SFPA) in February 2019 which established an agreement for European Fishing vessels to fish in Moroccan territory and laid out plans for a transition towards a sustainable fishing model. Le conflit du Sahara occidental au menu de l’ONU À la demande de l’Allemagne, le conseil de sécurité de l’ONU doit se réunir ce lundi 21 décembre à huis clos sur... lire la suite Tras varias décadas de conflicto intermitente, la situación del Sáhara Occidental sigue siendo uno de los asuntos de carácter internacional más complejos de resolver. La guerre a déjà commencé. Le directeur général de l’Institut national d’études de stratégie globale (INESG), Abdelaziz Medjahed, a fait savoir, ce lundi 16 novembre, que la France était dernière le Maroc dans l’affaire du conflit du Sahara Occidental. Continuing disputes between the two factions once more brought the process to a halt. and extended the MINURSO mission until 31 October 2007. On November 14, 2020, SADR president Brahim Ghali announced that he had signed a decree bringing the 29 year old ceasefire to an end, citing an incident two days prior in which the Moroccan army forcibly entered a crossing within the buffer zone that was being blocked by protesters - acts which the SADR considered a declaration of war. A Genève, mercredi 5 et jeudi 6 décembre, se retrouvent pour en parler les représentants des quatre grands protagonistes de cette affaire, le Maroc, la Mauritanie, le Front Polisario et l’Algérie. France : «Le conflit du Sahara occidental n’a que trop duré». Arte : voici comment l'ANP intoxique les réseaux à propos du conflit au Sahara Occidentalhttps://youtu.be/VI152ip_H-o Les liens entre frontières et conflits au Sahara sont de deux types. Human Rights Watch called on the Moroccan government to amend the article to ensure it did not apply to journalists. [citation needed]. [71] The negotiations were supervised by Peter van Walsum, UN Secretary General Ban Ki-moon's personal envoy for Western Sahara. Elle s’installe aussi au sud, là où le Sahara rejoint l’Atlantique, dans une très longue bande de terre. Les 450 000 Sahraouis se sont éparpillés [33] Some third parties have called for both Morocco and Algeria to negotiate directly to find a solution for the conflict. [78][79] Most affairs and camp life organization is run by the refugees themselves, with little outside interference. Des dizaines de milliers de Sahraouis, fuyant les bombardements marocains, se réfugient dans des camps installés autour de Tindouf, dans le sud-ouest algérien. [45] Morocco's expansionist ambitions caused strains, including a temporary rupture of relations with Tunisia. C'est donc Alger qui visiblement ne veut pas débloquer la situation tant que ce conflit saharien n'est pas réglé. P. 12", "Algeria, the Maghreb Union, and the Western Sahara stalemate. Deux ans plus tard, le Maroc quitte l'institution l'institution en signe de protestation. In July 2019 the Polisario Front arrested three Saharawi activists within the refugee camps for criticizing the Polisario Front's governance in Facebook Posts. On 30 April 2007, the United Nations Security Council passed Resolution 1754, which both urged the involved parties to "enter into direct negotiations without preconditions and in good faith." Cela fait donc plus d’un quart de siècle que chaque partie accuse l’autre de bloquer le processus et que rien n’avance. Pour sortir d’un vote pour lui assez risqué, le Maroc, depuis une dizaine d’années, tente aussi de promouvoir une solution d’autonomie pour le territoire – tout en le gardant sous sa souveraineté. On n’y trouve rien d’au… ", a Brussels-based commercial firm in the domain of counselling, "The Conditions of Detentions of the Moroccan POWs Detained in Tindouf (Algeria)", "Telquel – Maroc/Algérie.Bluff et petites manœuvres", "Khadija Mohsen-Finan Le règlement du conflit du Sahara occidental à l'épreuve de la nouvelle donne régionale", "France Libertés – The Conditions of Detentions of the Moroccan POWs Detained in Tindouf (Algeria). Many public and private buildings and vehicles were burned in the city.[26]. The country received a low score of 42.88 out of 100 citing the continued "judicial harassment" of the media. [32] In an interview with the Public Broadcasting Service, in August 2004, James Baker, former personal envoy of the United Nations Secretary to Western Sahara, identified Morocco and Algeria as being both the "two chief protagonists" of the conflict. Il y a, bien sûr, des intérêts économiques : le Sahara occidental, c’est beaucoup de sable, mais aussi des gisements importants de phosphate et un littoral qui passe pour être le plus poissonneux du monde. Dans une interview accordée à nos confrères d’El Watan , Abdelaziz Rahabi a estimé que l’escalade actuelle entre le Sahara occidental … The First Sahrawi Intifada formed a part of the wider and still ongoing Western Sahara conflict. 6. La guerre du Sahara occidental est un épisode du Conflit au Sahara occidental entre 1975 et 1991 [3].C'est un conflit militaire opposant le Maroc et la Mauritanie au Front Polisario, sur le territoire du Sahara occidental.La guerre éclate à la suite du retrait de l'Espagne du Sahara espagnol, qu'elle avait convenu de céder au Maroc et à la Mauritanie lors des accords de Madrid. Violacion del alto el fuego - Violation of the ceasefire -Rupture du cessez-le-feu. El Hiba's forces were defeated during a failed campaign to conquer Marrakesh, and in retaliation French colonial forces destroyed the holy city of Smara in 1913. Le conflit du Sahara occidental est l’un des plus anciens et l’un des plus négligés du monde. 173", "Morocco severs ties with Iran, accusing it of backing Polisario Front", "Morocco Flexes Its Muscles Over Western Sahara: An Analysis of Rabat's Standoff With Tehran", "Pourquoi le Maroc a rompu ses relations avec l'Iran", "The EU, Morocco, and the Western Sahara: a chance for justice", "The Republic of Liberia Opens Consulate General in Dakhla", "New African consulates cause trouble for Western Sahara | DW | 31.03.2020", "MEPs adopt new Fisheries Partnership with Morocco including Western Sahara | News | European Parliament", "MEPs: Seek European Court's Opinion on EU-Morocco Fisheries Agreement's Compatibility with International Law", "98 Saharawi groups call on European Parliament to reject fish deal - wsrw.org", "EU-Morocco Fisheries Agreement: Polisario Front to file complaint before CJEU", "Morocco adds Western Sahara waters to its maritime borders | AW staff", "Obama reverses Bush-backed Morocco plan in favor of Polisario state", "U.S. proposes U.N. Western Sahara rights monitor; Morocco warns of "missteps, Morocco’s autonomy proposal "can’t be the only basis in these negotiations," says Samuel L. Kaplan, "Trump announces Israel and Morocco will normalize relations", "Israel and Morocco agree to normalise relations in latest Trump-brokered deal", "TIMELINE: Western Sahara, a 50-year-old dispute", http://moroccanamericanpolicy.com/MoroccanCompromiseSolution041107.pdf, "Morocco and Polisario Front to hold second meeting to resolve 32-year dispute", "Western Sahara: UN-led talks end with parties pledging to step up negotiations", "Secretary-General appoints Peter van Walsum of the Netherlands as Personal Envoy for Western Sahara", "First Western Sahara talks at UN in six years, begin in Geneva", "Le Front Polisario déplore l'"inaction" et "le silence" du Conseil de sécurité", "Search for New UN Personal Envoy for Western Sahara is Ongoing", Cuadro de zonas de división del Sáhara Occidental, "Numerous reports from the Official Portal of the Government of Morocco refer to the area as a "buffer zone, "FMO Research Guide, Western Sahara. Evidemment, on trouve derrière les arguties juridiques des questions autrement plus essentielles, qui expliquent l’enlisement. [61], On December 10, 2020, President Donald Trump announced that the United States would officially recognize Morocco's claims over Western Sahara, in exchange for Morocco agreeing to normalize relations with Israel.[62][63]. Polisario calls the territories under its control the Liberated Territories or the Free Zone, while Morocco controls and administers the rest of the disputed territory and calls these lands its Southern Provinces. [80] Women have been "responsible for much of the administration of the camps. Ma al-Aynayn died in October 1910, and his son El Hiba succeeded him. Rédaction d’Algérie 360. Le Sahara, un espace de conflits 1.Le Sahara occidental L’ouest du Sahara se caractérise par un conflit frontalier persistant dont l’enjeu est le Sahara occidental, ancienne colonie espagnole, que se sont partagés le Maroc et la Mauritanie en 1975. At the heart of the dispute lies the question of who qualifies as a potential voter; the Polisario has insisted on only allowing those found on the 1974 Spanish Census lists (see below) to vote, while Morocco has insisted that the census was flawed by evasion and sought the inclusion of members of Sahrawi tribes which escape from Spanish invasion to the north of Morocco by the 19th century. [18] In 1977, France intervened as the conflict reached its peak intensity. Human Rights Watch called for the release of the political prisoners reporting that they had been held in harsh conditions and tortured to sign sign confessions, a direct violation of international law. A lire aussi. While protests were initially peaceful, they were later marked by clashes between civilians and security forces. The Polisario Front has also been accused of suppressing media freedoms within its territories. [83] The Polisario call the Berm the "wall of shame" while Morocco calls it a "defensive wall", "wall of sand" or "security wall". Le tiers sud du territoire ira à la Mauritanie, les deux tiers nord au Maroc. [59], In April 2013, the United States proposed that MINURSO monitored human rights (as all the other UN mission since 1991) in Western Sahara, a move that Morocco strongly opposed, cancelling the annual African Lion military exercises with U.S. Army troops. [96], Moroccan initiative and Manhasset negotiations, Report of the Secretary General on the status of the negotiations on Western Sahara, 29 June 2007, limited recognition by a number of other states, United Nations visiting mission to Spanish Sahara, Algeria–Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic relations, The main novelty is that Algeria has been invited to these round tables, The Conditions of Detentions of the Moroccan POWs Detained in Tindouf (Algeria), United Nations Security Council Resolution 1754, Moroccan Royal Advisory Council for Saharan Affairs, "Gulf Arabs back Morocco in Western Sahara rift with U.N.", https://www.moroccoworldnews.com/2020/02/292656/morocco-buys-israeli-drones-to-combat-extremism-in-western-sahara/, "Marruecos incrementa su presencia en Mauritania", Asistencia en favor de las víctimas saharauis. Sous un parasol avec une règle et un crayon ils ont (français) annexé des territoires marocain. [72] To date, all negotiations have failed to resolve the dispute. La guerre est aussi intense sur le front diplomatique, à l’ONU, avec l’Europe, ou dans les instances africaines. [31] The United Nations has only ever officially considered Morocco and the Polisario Front parties to the conflict, however acknowledges that other interests may also be involved. [citation needed] The 1975 United Nations visiting mission to Spanish Sahara, headed by Simeon Aké, concluded that Sahrawi support for independence (as opposed to Spanish rule or integration with a neighboring country) amounted to an "overwhelming consensus" and that the Polisario Front was by far the most powerful political force in the country.[23]. on December 4, 2018 Moroccan forces arrested Nezha El Khalidi under Article 381 for live-streaming a Sahrawi protest and subsequently failing to meet the qualifications of a journalist. En attendant qu’un miracle sorte enfin des négociations de Genève, le Sahara occidental est donc un des derniers pays divisés du monde et une partie de sa population vit depuis quatre décennies en exil, dans des camps de fortune. Revista Internacional de la Cruz Roja, 1, pp 83–83 (1976), "Women on Frontline in Struggle for Western Sahara", "Saharawi Liberation Army | SADR Permanent Mission in Ethiopia and African Union", "Sahrawis campaign for independence in the second intifada, Western Sahara, 2005–2008", "Western Sahara Between Autonomy and Intifada – Middle East Research and Information Project", "Western Sahara: Beatings, Abuse by Moroccan Security Forces", "Polisario leader says Western Sahara ceasefire with Morocco is over", "Western Sahara independence leader declares the end of a 29-year-old ceasefire with Morocco", "United Nations General Assembly A/55/997", "Memorandum of the Kingdom of Morocco on the regional dispute on the Sahara September 24, 2004", "United Nations – Security Council. Le colonisateur est le Maroc, l'Algérie a subit la vague de refugier massif sur son territoire suite à l’éclatement du conflit, c’est simple le Maroc doit faire comme la Mauritanie c’est-à-dire sortir du territoire qui ne lui appartient pas. [68] Also present at the negotiations were the neighboring countries of Algeria and Mauritania, a nod to the role they play in the ongoing conflict. [65] By 2001, the process had reached a stalemate, and the UN Secretary-General asked the parties for the first time to explore other solutions. "Le conflit du Sahara occidental est une question de décolonisation qui ne peut être résolue qu'à travers l'application du droit international", a réaffirmé samedi, dans un communiqué, le ministère algérien des Affaires étrangères, soulignant que la … J-C jusqu'aux conflit israélo-palestinien - Duration: 8:01. After the passing of the agreement a petition signed by leading Saharawi activist organizations in the region was penned to the E.U condemning the decision,[56] and the Polisario Front announced it will challenge the vote in the European Court of Justice stating it was in clear violation of international law. At the time, most of the Western Sahara territory remained under Moroccan control, while the Polisario controlled some 20% of the territory in its capacity as the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic, with additional pockets of control in the Sahrawi refugee camps along the Algerian border. Elle envoie sur place la Minurso, une mission de maintien de la paix qui a pour objectif d’organiser le fameux référendum d’autodétermination espéré depuis des années. 03 déc 2020. Accueil » Algérie » Conflit du Sahara Occidental : ... Maroc a lancé, le 13 novembre dernier, une opération militaire dans la zone-tampon d’El Guerguerat, au Sud-Ouest du Sahara Occidental, en violent l’accord de cessez-le-feu. The SADR government considers the Moroccan-held territory occupied territory, while Morocco considers the much smaller SADR held territory to be a buffer zone. « Nous ne sommes plus dans la diplomatie régionale, mais mondiale. Vous avez publié votre avis en omettant l'original. Causes and consequences", "UNHCR – Western Sahara Atlas Map – June 2006", "UN must monitor human rights in Western Sahara and Sahrawi refugee camps", "World Report 2019: Rights Trends in Morocco/Western Sahara", "UN peacekeeping force in Western Sahara must urgently monitor human rights", "Morocco/Western Sahara: Investigate brutal crackdown on Sahrawi protesters", "RSF Report: Western Sahara, A News Blackhole | Reporters without borders", "VP/HR - Human rights violations in Laayoune, Western Sahara", "Morocco/Western Sahara: Law Misused to Silence Reporters", "PSIB critica la expulsión de Marruecos de los abogados que querían asistir como observadores al juicio contra Khalidi", "Morocco/Western Sahara: Video Captured Police Violence", "Analysis | Video contradicts Morocco's justification of a brutal beating in Western Sahara", "Algeria/Western Sahara: Three Dissidents Behind Bars", "Morocco / Western Sahara : Judicial harassment | Reporters without borders", Sudanese nomadic conflicts (2009–present), Sudanese conflict in South Kordofan and Blue Nile (2011–present), Communal conflicts in Nigeria (1998–present), Lord's Resistance Army insurgency (1987–present), Eritrean–Ethiopian border conflict (2000–2018), Allied Democratic Forces insurgency (1996–present), https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Western_Sahara_conflict&oldid=994009385, Articles with Spanish-language sources (es), Articles lacking reliable references from June 2011, Articles with unsourced statements from July 2012, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2010, All articles containing potentially dated statements, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. in June 2019, a video of Moroccan authorities violently dragging and beating prominent Sahrawi journalist Walid Al-Batal circulated across the internet. Quelque 350.000 Marocains sans armes, dont des femmes, des enfants et des vieillards, forcent la frontière et pénètrent dans le territoire convoité. Several international human rights organizations have accused the Moroccan government of imposing a media blackout in the region by targeting protestors and journalists. [88] The protests began as celebrations for Algeria's win in the 2019 Africa Cup of Nations, and eventually escalated into demonstrations for Sahrawi self-determination and clashes with Moroccan security forces. In 2006 the Moroccan Royal Advisory Council for Saharan Affairs (CORCAS) proposed a plan for the autonomy of Western Sahara and made visits to a number of countries to explain and gather support for their proposal. (s/2001/613 Paragraph 54)", "Sahara Marathon: Host Interview Transcript", "US Ambassador urges dialogue between Morocco and Algeria", "The Polisario Front – Credible Negotiations Partner or After Effect of the Cold War and Obstacle to a Political Solution in Western Sahara? M. Rahabi déplore la décision du Maroc de faire intervenir des acteurs étrangers dans le conflit au Sahara occidental. Later, the Spanish extended their area of control. En février 1976, il proclame la République arabe sahraouie démocratique (RASD), un Etat non reconnu internationalement, qui réclame la souveraineté du territoire. [75], The Polisario controls about 20–25% of the Western Sahara territory,[76] as the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic (SADR), and claim sovereignty over the entire territory of Western Sahara. The rebellious territory was finally subdued in 1934, after joint Spanish and French forces destroyed Smara for a second time. Plus de trente ans après son déclenchement, qui se traduira par une guerre, des déplacements de population et le cessez-le-feu de 1991 qui a figé les positions militaires, l’issue de ce conflit paraît toujours aussi lointaine. Chaque mois, notre collaborateur François Reynaert, auteur de nombreux ouvrages historiques, dont "La grande histoire du monde" (Fayard, 2016), explique l'actualité africaine en se plongeant dans les siècles passés. Le conflit est programmé pour durer. Elle s’installe aussi au sud, là où le Sahara rejoint l’Atlantique, dans une très longue bande de terre. [77], In addition, the Polisario Front has a full autonomous control of the Sahrawi refugee camps. [74] Currently the position of United Nations envoy to Western Sahara is empty and the Security Counsel is actively seeking a replacement. [90], Human Rights Watch has also been critical of the treatment of journalists during this conflict. Morocco continues to propose autonomy for the territory as the solution to the conflict, while the Polisario Front insists on nothing other than complete independence. The questions of mutual recognition, establishment of a possible Sahrawi state and the large numbers of Sahrawi refugees displaced by the conflict are among the key issues of the ongoing Western Sahara peace process. The Moroccans have been more successful regarding the Western Sahara. In 1979, Mauritania withdrew from the conflict and territories, leading to a stalemate through most of the 1980s. [43], In January and February 1976, there were direct battles in Amgala between the armies of these two countries. In 2018 the United Nations Security Counsel announced that peace talks regarding the Western Sahara territory would resume and delegates of the Polisario Front, Morocco, Algeria, and Mauritania would all be present. Il est prévu pour 1992. It acts as a separation barrier between the Moroccan-controlled areas and the Polisario-controlled section of the territory (the SADR). L’affaire du Sahara occidental en est un des abcès de fixation en Afrique. La Mauritanie en revendique la petite partie méridionale. L’ancien diplomate Abdelaziz Rahabi s’est exprimé sur les derniers développements du conflit du Sahara Occidental, pointant du doigt la France. The Polisario Front accepted this voter list, as it had done with the previous list presented by the UN (both of them originally based on the Spanish census of 1974), but Morocco refused. [57] This move galvanized Morocco who then passed a law in January 2020 extending its recognized borders across Western Saharan waters. Le simple fait qu’Horst Köhler, ancien président allemand devenu le médiateur de l’ONU sur ce dossier, ait réussi à les installer tous autour d’une table est déjà assez rare pour ne pas être salué. Sahara occidental : 45 ans de conflits et de négociations "au point mort" Premier site d'informations de l'Afrique de l'ouest | seneweb.com On 20 May he led the Khanga raid, the Polisario's first armed action,[22] in which a Spanish post manned by a team of Tropas Nomadas (Sahrawi-staffed auxiliary forces) was overrun and a cache of rifles seized. With most refugees still living in the camps, the refugee situation is among the most protracted worldwide. [46][47] There is no third-party substantiation of these claims. Efforts to gain support in the Arab World for the idea of a Greater Morocco did not receive much support despite efforts in the early 1960s to enlist the Arab League for its cause. [86][87][88][89] A report by French non-profit Reporters Without Borders (RSF) which tracks the suppression of journalism around the world reported on a systematic targeting of journalists within Western Sahara and argued that the blocking of foreign media access to the region has made it difficult to receive accurate and consistent reporting from inside the disputed territory. Algeria sees itself as an "important actor" in the conflict,[30] and officially supports the right of the Sahrawi people to self-determination. Since early 2005, the UN Secretary-General has not referred to the plan in his reports, and by now it seems largely dead. Unlike the Organization of African Unity which has strongly backed Western Sahara's right to self-determination, the Arab League has shown little interest in the area. Afin de nous permettre de conserver notre pérennité économique, Carte du Sahara Occidental (Google Map / Wikimedia Commons), 200 maires souhaitent se faire vacciner pour donner l’exemple, Jean-Pierre Jouyet : « L’Europe a fait des progrès considérables depuis le départ du Royaume-Uni », A Wuhan, les contaminations seraient 10 fois supérieures au bilan officiel, Francis Sak et Thomas Delmas, associés-fondateurs, …, Une société indépendante créée en 2015, spécialisée …, Bitcoin PoS takes everything you know and love about …, Rolléco Valisette d'intervention ALU Charge maxi : 13Kg -, L'Obs - Les marques ou contenus du site nouvelobs.com sont soumis à la protection de la propriété intellectuelle. Le contenu de ce site est le fruit du travail de l'ensemble d'une rédaction qui oeuvre chaque jour à vous apporter une information de qualité, fiable, complète, et d'une équipe web qui vous propose des services innovants. Following the annexation of Western Sahara by Morocco and Mauritania in 1976, and the Polisario Front's declaration of independence, the UN addressed the conflict via a resolution reaffirming the right to self-determination of the Sahrawi people. Marruecos viola el alto el fuego y el Ejército Popular de Liberación Saharaui responde a esta nueva violación, SPS 13.11.20. Elle renonce à son morceau de Sahara et se retire derrière ses frontières. Pour la retrouver, il faut en revenir à l’histoire coloniale. The conflict escalated after the withdrawal of Spain from the Spanish Sahara in accordance with the Madrid Accords. Refusant ce qu’il estime être un coup de force, le Front Polisario entame aussitôt la lutte. [citation needed]. Citing the Spanish approach to regional autonomy, the Moroccan government plans to model any future agreement after the cases of the Canary Islands, Basque Country, Andalusia or Catalonia. Tony Hodges (1983), Western Sahara: The Roots of a Desert War, Lawrence Hill Books (, Anthony G. Pazzanita and Tony Hodges (1994), Historical Dictionary of Western Sahara, Scarecrow Press (, This page was last edited on 13 December 2020, at 17:56. After another inconclusive round of talks, the parties finally, on 8–9 January 2008, agreed on "the need to move into a more intensive and substantive phase of negotiations". Footage from the clashes shows security forces using rocks, tear gas and live ammunition to disperse protestors. Moroccan authorities rebutted the condemnation saying Al-Batal had crashed into a police car and resisted arrest, however these claims were disputed in an investigation on the incident published by The Washington Post. [44] The statement by Jiménez came two days after two Spanish aid workers and one Italian were kidnapped by suspected al-Qaeda members in Tindouf, which is under the control of Polisario Front, which seeks the independence of Western Sahara from Morocco. chapitre 10. chapitre 11. chapitre 12. Nous respectons votre choix. En 1991, dans une ambiance de fin de guerre froide, l’ONU réussit enfin à faire accepter un cessez-le-feu aux belligérants. Morocco's position is that Algeria is part of the conflict and uses the Sahara issue for geopolitical interests that date from the Cold War, claiming that this country in its official communication to the United Nations "presents itself sometimes as 'a concerned party,' other times as an 'important actor,' or as a 'party' in the settlement of the dispute".